मुंबई: नागीण (Shingles) या व्हायरसमुळे होणाऱ्या त्वचारोगाला प्रतिबंध करणारी लस जीएसके म्हणजेच ग्लॅक्सोस्मिथक्लाइन फार्मासिटीकल्स या औषध निर्माण कंपनीने भारतीय बाजारात लाँच केलीय. नागीण हा संसर्गजन्य त्वचारोग व्हॅरिसेला झोस्टर विषाणू (varicella-zoster virus) मुळे होतो. जीएसकेने आज बाजारात आणलेली लस वय वर्षे 50 आणि त्यापेक्षा जास्त वयाच्या प्रौढांसाठी उपयुक्त आहे. एकदा लस घेतल्यापासून किमान पुढची दहा वर्षे नागीण होण्यापासून संरक्षण मिळतं. शिंग्रिक्स (Shingrix) असं या लसीचं नाव आहे. ही लसीचे दोन डोस घ्यावे लागतात. ही लस स्नायूंमध्ये घ्यावी लागते.
शरीरातील व्हॅरिसेला झोस्टर विषाणू (varicella-zoster virus) पुन्हा सक्रिय झाल्यामुळे शिंगल्स (Shingles) हा संसर्गजन्य आजार होतो. याच आजाराला भारतात विशेषतः ग्रामीण भागात नागीण असंही म्हणतात. ह्याच विषाणूमुळे कांजिण्या ही (chickenpox) होतात.
वयाच्या 40 वर्षानंतर 90 टक्के लोकांच्या शरीरात हा विषाणू असतो आणि त्यांना नागीण होण्याची शक्यता असते, असं भारतात झालेल्या एका सर्वेक्षणात आढळून आलं आहे. नागीण झाल्यावर शरीरावर वेदनादायी पुरळ उठते. काही जणांची पुरळ औषधोपचाराने नाहीशी होते, मात्र अनेकांना पुरळ नाहीशी झाल्यानंतर अनेक महिने किंवा वर्षे वेदना होतात. या वेदनांना नागिणीनंतरच्या मज्जातंतूवेदना असं म्हणतात.
जागतिक आकडेवारीनुसार, प्रत्येक तीनपैकी एकाला आयुष्यात कधी ना कधी शिंगल्स हा आजार होतो असं संशोधक सांगतात.
“भारतातील 50 वर्षांहून अधिक वयाच्या 26 कोटी प्रौढांसाठी नागीण आणि त्यानंतरच्या आजारापासून संरक्षण करणारी शिंग्रिक्स (Shingrix) बाजारात आणताना जीएसके या औषध निर्मिती कंपनीने समाधान व्यक्त केलंय. ह्या आजारावरील सध्या अस्तित्वात असलेल्या उपचारांमुळे वेदनांपासून पूर्ण आराम मिळतोच असे नाही, असा कंपनीचा दावा आहे. लसीकरण हाच प्रतिबंधाचा एकमेव मार्ग आहे. असं जीएसकेच्या प्रवक्त्याने प्रसारमाध्यमांना सांगितलं.
50 वर्षांवरील प्रौढ तसंच मधुमेही (Diabetics), हृदयविकार (heart patient) आणि मूत्रपिंडाचे विकार (kidney) अशा गंभीर आजारांनी ग्रस्त असलेल्यांना आणि प्रतिकारशक्ती कमकुवत झालेल्यांना शिंगल्स म्हणजेच नागीण होण्याचा धोका जास्त असतो. त्यांना होणाऱ्या वेदनाही अधिक त्रासदायक असतात. ह्या वेदनांमुळे रुग्णाची मानसिक स्थितीही बिघडते आणि काळजी घेणाऱ्या व्यक्तींवरील अवलंबित्वही वाढते. नागीणमुळे दृष्टी गमावणे आणि श्रवणदोष ह्यांसारख्या गुंतागुंतीही प्रौढांमध्ये निर्माण होऊ शकतात. अशा सर्व आजार आणि व्याधींवर शिंग्रिक्स (Shingrix) ही प्रतिबंधक लस प्रभावी असल्याचा कंपनीचा दावा आहे. अमेरिकेच्या एफडीएने या लसीला 2017 मध्ये तर युरोपीय संघाच्या एफडीएने 2018 मध्ये मंजुरी दिल्याचा दावा कंपनीच्या प्रसिद्धीपत्रकात करण्यात आला आहे.
ही शिंग्रिक्स (Shingrix) नागीण प्रतिबंधक लस नागीण आणि संबंधित आजारांवर 90 टक्क्यांपर्यंत प्रभावी असल्याचा दावा कंपनीच्या प्रसिद्धीपत्रकात करण्यात आला आहे.
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